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Land

The CAESAR: The Howitzer That Anticipated the Modern Battlefield

For decades, artillery design was built around a simple assumption: survivability depended on protection. Self-propelled howitzers became progressively heavier, better armored, and capable of accompanying mechanized formations during high-intensity combat. Crew protection, firepower, and endurance defined the primary design priorities. That assumption is now being challenged. Reconnaissance drones, counter-battery radars, electronic warfare, and precision-guided munitions […]

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Land

Ground-Based Counter-Drone Defense Enters the Era of Intelligent Architectures

Ground-based counter-drone defense is no longer simply about jamming, guns, missiles, or lasers. The most credible systems are evolving toward architectures capable of integrating sensors, decision-support software, and multiple defeat mechanisms into a single operational chain. Sky Warden, for example, is presented as a modular system designed to integrate and control multiple sensors and effectors […]

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Air Land

The Difficult Equation of Russian Air Defense

For more than two decades, Russia has built one of the world’s most extensive integrated air defense networks. Inherited from the Soviet Union and extensively modernized since the end of the Cold War, this architecture protects the country’s major cities, air bases, nuclear forces, and critical strategic infrastructure. For years, the system relied on two […]

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Air

Global Combat Air Programme: A Decisive Moment for Italy’s Aerospace Industry

When Italy, Japan and the United Kingdom unveiled the Global Combat Air Program in 2022, most attention focused on the aircraft itself. Three years later, however, it has become clear that the program is about far more than replacing today’s fighters. For Rome, it has become first and foremost an industrial project aimed at preserving national […]

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Air Land Naval

Beyond the Battlefield: How Civilian Systems Are Reshaping Military Power

Military power is often assessed through the capabilities of armed forces: the size of armies, the number of combat aircraft or the tonnage of naval fleets. Yet recent conflicts suggest that another dimension has become equally important: the civilian systems that enable military operations. Commercial aircraft, merchant shipping, industrial facilities and civilian supply chains have […]

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Naval

Dutch Naval Shipbuilding: An Industry at the Center of European and Global Defense Cooperation

By the early 2040s, the Netherlands will have renewed most of its major naval combat capabilities. Four Orka-class submarines will replace the Walrus class, four new Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) frigates are under construction, and a new generation of Air Defense and Command Frigates is being prepared. At the same time, The Hague has launched a […]

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Land

Europe’s Rearmament: The Battle for Critical Materials Has Already Begun

Europe is rearming. Since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, defense budgets have surged, missile and ammunition orders have multiplied, and defense manufacturers have accelerated investment. Yet behind these rearmament announcements lies a far less visible constraint: securing the critical materials required to manufacture modern military equipment. While the United States, China, and several Asian powers have […]

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Cyber

Cybersecurity, Data and Artificial Intelligence: Defense Suppliers Are Becoming Strategic Partners

Armed forces are no longer acquiring platforms alone. They are now investing in digital capabilities that protect systems, exploit data and accelerate decision-making. This shift is already reflected in NATO’s strategic direction. In July 2024, the Alliance revised its Artificial Intelligence Strategy to strengthen the governance, reliability and interoperability of artificial intelligence systems. In May […]

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Naval

Naval Close-In Defense Enters a New Era

In the aftermath of the Cold War, the protection of surface combatants was built around a relatively stable assumption: the primary threat came from a limited number of high-speed anti-ship missiles. Naval air defense architectures were therefore designed to detect incoming threats at the greatest possible distance, engage them with surface-to-air missiles, and rely on […]

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Naval

Russian Live-Fire Exercise in the English Channel: What It Reveals About Russia’s Naval Strategy in Northern Europe

When the Russian frigate Neustrashimy conducted a live-fire exercise south of Plymouth on 20 July 2026, the event immediately triggered a political response in the United Kingdom and attracted widespread media attention. The British government described the exercise as “performative and irresponsible,” while the Royal Navy confirmed that it had monitored the warship throughout its […]

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