Undersea cables are the backbone of Europe’s digital and energy infrastructure. They carry more than 95 percent of intercontinental data traffic and support critical cross-border electricity interconnections. In practical terms, they are strategic assets. Since 2023, a series of cable incidents in the Baltic Sea has exposed just how vulnerable those assets are. Investigations were […]
The integration of artificial intelligence into armed forces is often framed as a technological rupture. In practice, it is better understood as an operational adaptation: helping human decision-makers manage information volumes that now exceed what traditional workflows can handle within required timelines. Since January 1, 2024, updated strategies and policy documents have consistently reinforced one […]
From 2024 to 2027, the story is less a wholesale reset than a trajectory, one in which real capability will depend more on organization, training, and sustainment than on headline acquisitions. In Kazakhstan, two threads stand out: the move to formalize a territorial defense framework, and a push to build light, unit-level capabilities, especially through […]
Attacks by drones and other “attritable” vectors have changed what naval defense really means. The key issue is no longer just radar quality or missile range. It’s endurance. How many days can a warship hold out before it runs down its missiles, decoys, chaff, and its ability to sustain fire? Saturation is not simply “a […]
GCAP (the Global Combat Air Programme) is the trilateral Japan/United Kingdom/Italy effort to field a next-generation fighter with an intended entry into service around 2035. Within that framework, Japan has set out explicit sovereignty requirements, timely upgrades, domestic sustainment, and freedom to modify, and has also secured governance positions that give it meaningful influence over […]
In recent conflicts, drone-on-drone interception is not the result of theoretical debate, but of a very concrete reality: the growing difficulty of sustainably neutralizing low-cost drones using expensive and scarce ground-based defenses. In Ukraine, reconnaissance and attack drones assembled for only a few thousand euros have repeatedly forced forces on both sides to rely on […]
For a long time, energy efficiency was treated as an environmental luxury secondary to the pursuit of firepower, mobility, or rate of fire. That paradigm is shifting. In an environment where logistics are contested, where every convoy becomes a target and every thermal emission an exploitable signature, saving energy becomes a tactical act. This is […]
On Oct. 31, 2025, Anduril hit a visible milestone in the U.S. Air Force’s Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA) effort: its YFQ-44A prototype flew for the first time, bringing a jet-powered “loyal wingman” concept into measurable flight testing. Two weeks earlier, on Oct. 16, the Netherlands formalized cooperation through a letter of intent signed in Washington […]
India is not trying to replicate a Leopard 2 or an Abrams. It is answering a specific operational problem: how to move credible, survivable, well-armed armor above 4,000 meters (~13,000 ft), while China already fields Type 15 light tanks across the Tibetan Plateau. That problem set is driving Zorawar, literally “the one who possesses strength”, […]
For the past decade, the “combat cloud” largely lived in airpower briefings. Now, the concept is quietly migrating to the maritime domain. The premise is familiar: link sensors, platforms, and weapons into a distributed network where information moves faster than forces maneuver, and where any shooter can leverage the best available sensor. At sea, however, […]
